Insectaries for mass rearing of trichogramma using factitious hosts have been constructed in many countries. Corcyra rearing boxestraysjars made up of plastic or wood with lid provided with wire mesh for aeration. The characteristics that adapt it for mass production are probably generic. For mass production of many parasitoids and predators, corcyra cephalonica has been the most suitable host insect in many laboratories jalai and singh, 1992. The vitrification v preserve the quality of the eggs. Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of. In this study, biological parameters of diapaused, non.
Trichogrammatidae as a pest management tool linda thomson, brad rundle and ary. Nov 26, 2016 mass multiplication of corcyra cephalonia ppt 1. Technique in the mass production of trichogramma journal. Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery. Estimation of production potential of host insect corcyra. Inundative release of trichogramma for the control of cruciferous. Trichogramma species are widely used egg parasitoids for biological control of. The cryopreservation of noctuid eggs in liquid nitrogen has proved be a promising tool in the mass production of trichogramma, however studies into this technique have only just begun. Mass production of trichogrammatid parasitoids request pdf. Character of trichogramma the genus trichogramma was established by westwood25 in 1833. Effective distribution of trichogramma requires supportive extension and advanced technology. Although there are several egg parasitoids commonly used throughout the world, trichogramma have been the most extensively studied and promising. With establishment of this project, production of potential bioagents will be made and provided to the farmers for the biointensive insect pest management in the crop. Trichoforce p trichogramma pretiosum this is the product of choice for moth control in a field, greenhouse or short crop setting.
Mass rearing and release of trichogramma for biological. Strategies for use in the field vary according to the approach desired inundative or inoculative, the timing, frequency. The management of diamondback moth and other crucifer pests 52 proceedings of the 4th international workshop, nov. The mass rearing and utilization of trichogramma to control. Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of trichoderma for plant disease management b. The parasitoid selected for mass production must usually have high intrinsic rate of natural increase with short life cycle. Mass production of egg parasites of the genus trichogramma. Problems encountered in mass production of hosts are the larval and pupal parasitoids and predators getting into the cultures, taking heavy toll of the host individuals. Technique in the mass production of trichogramma journal of. The production involves the multiplication of host insect on sorghum grains, allowed to be parasitized by trichogramma. Trichogramma per acre should be released per generation of pest to achieve the 80% egg parasitization level necessary to keep worms below economic levels ridgway et al. Efficacy is improved by selecting the most effective and adapted species or strain for the specific crop pest situation. Vg1 development of a large scale pilot production facility.
Mass production different species and strains of trichogramma typically prefer different host eggs and crop habitats and have different searching abilities and tolerance to weather conditions. Largescale augmentative biological control of asian corn. In conclusion, trichogramma mass release is a promising biocontrol method for use in the danish climate, but further studies are needed. Wasps in the genus trichogramma are tiny beneficial wasps that feed on the eggs of several insect pests. The process and technique for mass production and releasing of trichogramma has been greatly improved in recent years. Development of an optimum diet for mass rearing of the. Trichogramma release techniques rinconvitova insectaries. Effective technological equipment for mass production of entomophagous insects and mites used for biological control 181 fig. The major advantage of trichogramma species as biological control agents is their extremely small size. A mixture of 75% pearl millet and 25% cowpea is the best diet for mass production of healthy c. Ephestia kuehniella eggs sterilization for trichogramma. Trichogramma minutum riley was used in this work because it is the most common representative of the genus in california.
Mass production of corcyra cephalonica laboratory host for trichogramma spp. Advantages of diapause in trichogramma dendrolimi mass production on eggs of the chinese silkworm, antheraea pernyi. A corcyra egg card making machine for the mass production. Mass production and efficiency of trichogramma species. Rangeswaran national bureau of agriculturally important insects, ha farm post, p. In order to evaluate the efficacy of egg storage in liquid nitrogen, we examined the parasitism, development and. The various advantages of the method over others that have been put forward are enumerated. Potential for mass rearing of the egg parasitoids, trichogramma.
The management of diamondback moth and other crucifer pests proceedings of the 4th international workshop, nov. Trichogramma is one of around 80 genera from the family trichogrammatidae, with over 200 species worldwide although several groups of egg parasitoids are commonly employed for biological control throughout the world, trichogramma spp. Other host insects like sitoiroga cerealella, ephesiia kuehniella and helicoverpa armigera have been utilized for rearing trichogramma in different insectaries. This topic covers information about mass production of trichogramma spp. However, attempts to use this device were unsuccessful, because the species of trichogramma reared were highly attracted to areas of high light intensity resulting in poor parisitization of eggs.
Jun 17, 20 the parasitoid selected for mass production must usually have high intrinsic rate of natural increase with short life cycle. Trichogramma are usually applied for inundative biological control. Effect of cold storage on the performance of trichogramma. Trichogramma dendrolimi matsumura is widely used as a biological control agent for control of lepidopteran agricultural pests in china and can be successfully reared using the large eggs of the chinese silkworm, antheraea pernyi. Most prominent ones are the species of trichogramma and trichogrammatoidea which are mostly amenable for laboratory mass production on factitious hosts like. A simple and cheap method is described for rearing trichogramma in very large. Development of an optimum diet for mass rearing of the rice. The storage of host eggs in liquid nitrogen may represent an alternative method in the mass. Advantages of diapause in trichogramma dendrolimi mass. Effect of different cold storage periods of rearing host. Pdf trichogramma zahiri polaszek were reared on alternate host, corcyra cephalonica stainton eggs and also on its natural host, dicladispa.
Freezing at 15o c requires more time and, although not significantly different than uv irradiation, is the sterilization method to favour because, in mass production, a difference of 2 % represent million of trichogramma. Presentation will be focused on propagation, quality. As part of a continuing effort to establish natural enemies of the european corn borer, ostrinia nubilalis, in the usa, the egg parasitoid, trichogramma ostriniae pang et chen hymenoptera. Pdf mass production of trichogrammatids and chrysopids. This is a video clip produced by trainee of 3 days training on communicating science through video presentations. To help rice farmers in the greater mekong region, a project was launched in 2011 to promote the establishment of trichogramma mass production facilities and affordable and practical pest control methods. The economic soundness of biological control of cane borer by this method is attested by the success of the results obtained. In order to evaluate the efficacy of egg storage in liquid nitrogen. For those who want to consider using loose trichogramma wasps at a small discount, the advantages are superior percentage emergence and survival in the field. Mass production of trichogrammatids and chrysopids.
Trichogramma is a genus of minute polyphagous wasps that are endoparasitoids of insect eggs. Packaging tab of a trichogramma card in a paper wedge cup. Mass rearing is comprised of both host and parasitoid components, although major emphasis is now on developing artificial systems. Trichogramma are not intended to be used as pesticides. When you disable javascript, your interaction with the content will be limited. Rinconvitova beneficials should be integrated into ipm. Trichogrammatidae are among the most common natural enemies of several insect pests.
However, there are still questions about the effectiveness and practical application of trichogramma in many crop production systems, and releasing trichogramma plays a very minor role in insect pest. Mass production of trichogrammatid parasitoids springerlink. Establishing a culture of trichogramma for mass rearing by selecting species, adapted to regional conditions and pests. The mass rearing and utilization of trichogramma to. Project directorate of biological control, icar, bangalore. Trichogramma wasps used as biocontrol agents in the. A simple and cheap method is described for rearing trichogramma in very large numbers. About 18 different species of this egg parasite are being used to control pests on corn, sugar.
They are used worldwide in biological control programs because of their ability to parasitize eggs of many economic lepidopterous pests of cultivated plants and their relatively easy mass rearing hassan, 1993. Exposure of trichogramma to host eggs on large quantity 4. A corcyra egg card making machine for the mass production of. Due to relatively cheap mass rearing systems employing factitious host species. Morrison 1985b devised a very efficient parasitization chamber for mass production of t. Abstract the egg parasite trichogramma maidis pint, et voeg. Establishment of biocontrol laboratory for mass production. Training was conducted by icarzpdiii, barapani, meghalaya. Most prominent ones are the species of trichogramma and trichogrammatoidea which are mostly amenable for laboratory mass production on factitious hosts like rice moth corcyra cephalonica stn. Sep 21, 2015 wasps in the genus trichogramma are tiny beneficial wasps that feed on the eggs of several insect pests.
Table 1 list of bio agents groups bioagent production process in brief remarks 1 i. Effective technological equipment for mass production of. To help rice farmers in the greater mekong region, a project was launched in 2011 to promote the establishment of trichogramma massproduction facilities and affordable and practical pest control methods rice is culture and a way of life along the. The modified method of corcyra moth and trichogramma mass production was found to be less laborious but required more space to accommodate more laboratory equipment for large scale mass production. Trichogramma wasps used as biocontrol agents in the greater. Utilization of trichogrammatid egg parasitoid in pest management. Trichogramma is one of around 80 genera from the family trichogrammatidae, with over 200 species worldwide. In mass producing corcyra, increasing the stacking height of rearing boxes did not increase further moth collection. Keep trichogramma cards in the shade, out of the hot sun. Collection of trichogramma from field as founder population, propagation and conservation 2. Egyptian journal of biological pest control 2019 29. Smyth, technique in the mass production of trichogramma, journal of economic entomology, volume 26. Mar 30, 2016 this is a video clip produced by trainee of 3 days training on communicating science through video presentations.
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